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دانلود رایکان مقاله انگلیسی ISI با موضوع اثر بخشی مستقل و خلاقیت کارمندان

عنوان فارسی مقاله:

رهبری تحول گرا، شرایط نوآوری، اثر بخشی مستقل و خلاقیت کارمندان: یک بررسی چند سطحی

عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:

Transformational leadership, innovation climate, creative self-efficacy and employee creativity: A multilevel study

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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی :

3. Research method

3.1. Sample selection and data collection

The study adopted a threefold data collection process. For the purpose of this study, initially, 18 tourist hotels located in the state of Uttrakhand, Republic of India were contacted. To stipulate their participation in the study, a presentation to the top management of each hotel was delivered to inform them about the need and significance of the study, emphasizing its managerial implications. The hotel authorities from 16 hotels showed their willingness to participate in the study. Next, with the cooperation of the management, a special orientation session for the customer contact employees and their immediate supervisors was organized at each participating hotel. In the sessions, participants were informed about the importance of their careful observation of each survey item. At the end of each session, two different types of sealed envelopes (employee survey and supervisor survey) containing a questionnaire, cover letter and return envelope were hand-delivered and the participants were requested to personally complete it and return it in a sealed envelope to their HR department. The questionnaires handed to the customer contact employees consisted of items for transformational leadership, innovation climate and creative self-efficacy, whereas the supervisors provided information regarding the creative behavior of their subordinates. Total 500 questionnaires to customer contact employees and 500 questionnaires to supervisors were given. The aggregate sample included a dyad of 372 customer contact employees and their immediate supervisors with a response rate of 74.4%, in which 46 supervisors responded to the questionnaire on the creative behavior of 372 subordinates.