دانلود رایکان مقاله انگلیسی ISI با موضوع بررسی فرسایش مبدل کاتالیزوری برای خودرو‌های با سوخت اتانول
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
بررسی فرسایش مبدل کاتالیزوری برای خودرو‌های با سوخت اتانول
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Evaluation of catalytic converter aging for vehicle operation with ethanol
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1. Introduction
Catalytic converter deactivation occurs with aging by either chemical or thermal reason, or, to a lesser extent, by mechanical reason. The chemical deactivation of a catalytic converter causes incrustation in the washcoat surface, pore obstruction, modified aluminum oxide (Al2O3) structure by aluminum phosphate (AlPO4) formation, reduced rates of oxidizing and reducing reactions and loss of conversion efficiency due to chemisorption of impurities in the active phase [1,13]. Chemical compounds present in fuels and lubricating oils, such as lead (Pb), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) are known to cause chemical deactivation of catalytic converters [2]. Catalytic converter poisoning by P, Pb and S is one of the main aging and deactivation mechanisms [8]. Increased P concentration causes obstruction, incrustation of palladium (Pd) particles, deactivation of components and decreased surface area [13].
1. مقدمه
غیر فعال شدن مبدل کاتالیزوری ناشی از فرسایش، ممکن است توسط دلایل شیمیایی یا حرارتی و یا به میزان کمتر، به دلیل مکانیکی رخ دهد. غیر فعال سازی شیمیایی یک مبدل کاتالیزوری باعث ایجاد پوسته در سطح washcoat ها، انسداد منافذ، تشکیل ساختار اکسید آلومینیوم اصلاح شده (Al2O3) با فسفات آلومینیوم (AlPO4) ، کاهش نرخ اکسید کننده و کاهش واکنش و از دست دادن راندمان تبدیل به دلیل جذب شیمیایی ناخالصی در فاز فعال می‌شود. ترکیبات شیمیایی موجود در سوخت و روغن های روان کننده، مانند سرب (Pb)، گوگرد (S)، فسفر (P)، روی (Zn)، کلسیم (Ca) و منیزیم (Mg) به عنوان غیر فعال کننده‌های شیمیایی مبدل‌های کاتالیزوری شناخته شده‌اند. مسمومیت مبدل کاتالیزوری توسط P، Pb و S یکی از مکانیسم‌های اصلی فرسایش و غیر فعال سازی است. افزایش غلظت فسفر باعث انسداد، پوشش ذرات پالادیوم (Pd)، غیر فعال شدن قطعات و کاهش سطح می‌شود.
کلمات کلیدی
Evaluation of catalytic converter aging for vehicle operation with ethanol https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359431114005717 by PR de Almeida - 2014 - Cited by 5 - Related articles Oct 5, 2014 - To conduct the study, three catalytic converters were aged in a vehicle operating on a chassis dynamometer by 30,000 km. During aging of the ... Evaluation of catalytic converter aging for vehicle operation with ethanol https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264197961_Evaluation_of_catalytic_converter... As the automotive catalytic converter must perform its function independent of the fuel used in flexible fuel vehicles, this paper aims to analyze how operation ... [PDF]Evaluation of catalytic converter aging for vehicle operation with ethanol tarjomefa.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/8205-English-TarjomeFa.pdf by PR de Almeida - 2014 - Cited by 5 - Related articles Jul 15, 2014 - Evaluation of catalytic converter aging for vehicle operation with ethanol. Poliana Rodrigues de Almeida a, 1, Akira Luiz Nakamura a, 2, José ... ترجمه مقاله Evaluation of catalytic converter aging for vehicle operation ... translateyar.ir/.../ترجمه-مقاله-evaluation-of-catalytic-converter-agin... Translate this page مقاله با عنوان Evaluation of catalytic converter aging for vehicle operation with ethanol را از اینجا دانلود کنید. عنوان مقاله به فارسی: بررسی فرسایش مبدل ... [PDF]Evaluation Of Catalytic Converter Aging For Vehicle mariavaicomasostras.com.br/evaluation_of_catalytic_converter_aging_for_vehicle.pdf Oct 8, 2018 - evaluation of catalytic converter aging for vehicle. Mon, 08 Oct 2018 ... v/v of anhydrous ethanol, while the second ... but with different operating. [PDF]Emissions Reduction using Catalyst Converter - International Journal ... www.sphinxsai.com/2016/ch_vol9_no3/2/(540-549)V9N3CT.pdf by Y Shireesha - Cited by 5 - Related articles Abstract: Toxic converter is a vehicle emissions control device that converts toxic pollutants in exhaust ... To analyze how operation with ethanol influence catalytic converter performance de. Almeida, P ... Silva, C. M et.al [9] were evaluated under steady state operating conditions. ..... Evaluation of catalytic converter aging for. [PDF]three way conversion catalysts for automotive pollution abatement. https://web.anl.gov/PCS/acsfuel/preprint%20archive/Files/Merge/Vol-41_3-0003.pdf by PL Burk - Related articles simulated auto exhaust gas stream or as full size pieces aged on engine test beds for 75 - 95 hr with a maximum ... Figure 2 demonstrates how lean aging in the presence of ... The catalysts were then evaluated on an engine test stand and ..... analog/digital conversion board was used to log selected engine operation and. [PDF]Investigation and Validation of Catalytic Converter - ijirset https://www.ijirset.com/upload/2015/ncrmte/54.pdf Aug 21, 2015 - ABSTRACT: This paper presents a new catalytic converter to be used for ..... The ratio for LPG, natural gas and ethanol fuels is slightly different, requiring .... [2] Evaluation of catalytic converter aging for vehicle operation with ... [PDF]Effect of Catalytic Converter on I.C. Engine Emission parameters - a ... irjms.in/sites/irjms/index.php/files/article/viewFile/210/191 by AB Patil - 2016 - Related articles Mar 1, 2016 - For in-cylinder reduction of emission Catalytic converter are effective for CI Engines. .... catalytic converter aging for vehicle operation with ethanol. Also, they studied about ... analysis by BET method, evaluation of oxygen. Automotive Emissions - Air Pollution, the Automobile, and Public ... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK218144/ by AY Watson - 1988 - Cited by 1 - Related articles Concern about the automobile as a source of air pollution has been .... Regulations require exhaust emission measurements during the operation of the ..... converters and inlet restrictors may be partly due to the increasing age of the .... particularly light alkanes and methanol and/or ethanol alcohols blended with gasoline. Page navigation
