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دانلود رایکان مقاله انگلیسی ISI با موضوع تحلیل انتشار ترک زیرسطحی تحت بارگذاری در سطح تماس غلتشی در چرخ‌ های راه‌ آهن با بکارگیری روش مدلسازی المان محدود

عنوان فارسی مقاله:

تحلیل انتشار ترک زیرسطحی تحت بارگذاری در سطح تماس غلتشی در چرخ‌ های راه‌ آهن با بکارگیری روش مدلسازی المان محدود

عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:

Analysis of subsurface crack propagation under rolling contact loading in railroad wheels using FEM

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1. Introduction
In recent years, higher train speeds and increased axle loads have led to larger wheel/rail contact forces. Also, efforts have been made to optimize wheel and rail design to improve the performance and reduce the cost. These trends have changed the major wheel rim damage from wear to fatigue [1]. Unlike the slow deterioration process of wear, fatigue causes abrupt fractures in wheels or the tread surface material loss. These failures may cause damage to rails, damage to train suspensions and, in some cases, serious derailment of the train. The fatigue problem of railroad wheels is often referred to as rolling contact fatigue [2], which is caused by repeated contact stress during the rolling motion. Similar fatigue problems also exist in other mechanical components experiencing rolling contact loading, such as gears and bearings. A detailed overview of the rolling contact problem of railroad wheels was given by Ekberg and Kabo [3]. Different failure modes have been observed for railroad wheels, such as shattered rim, vertical split rim and thermal cracking [4]. Shattered rim failures are the result of large subsurface cracks that propagate roughly parallel to the wheel tread surface [5,6]. Thermal cracking usually breaks off a piece of the wheel tread, while shattered rim can destroy the wheel’s integrity and thus is more dangerous. The current study focuses on the subsurface crack propagation (shattered rim) analysis.

1) مقدمه