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دانلود رایکان مقاله انگلیسی ISI با موضوع روش شارژ مبتنی بر PSO بهبود یافته خودروهای الکتریکی در شبکه توزیع برق

عنوان فارسی مقاله:

یک روش شارژ مبتنی بر PSO بهبود یافته خودروهای الکتریکی در شبکه توزیع برق

عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:

An improved PSO-based charging strategy of electric vehicles in electrical distribution grid

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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی :

3. Improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) based on gene algorithm and simulated annealing

The key of the optimization model for EVs charging and discharging is how to solve the optimal power flow (OPF) model, which is a nonlinear, non-convex, large-scale, static optimization problem with both continuous and discrete control variables. The exact algorithms, such as Linear Programming, Nonlinear Programming and Interior Point Methods, can be applied to solve traditional OPF problem. These methods rely on convexity to obtain the global optimum solution and as such are forced to simplify relationships in order to ensure convexity [51]. However, the EVs’ charging and discharging problem is non-convex due to the existence of the nonlinear AC power flow equality constraints. So the exact algorithms are not guaranteed to converge to the global optimum of the non-convex OPF problem [52]. Also, the presence of discrete control variables, such as transformer tap positions, further complicates the solution. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm can overcome the limitations of non-convex and discrete control variables, and it has some advantages such as simplicity, easy realization, fewer parameters and fast convergence compared with traditional optimization algorithms (and including meta-heuristics algorithms). Furthermore, its ability of global optimum can be improved. Therefore, it is a good choice to implement EV charging and discharging strategy.