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دانلود رایکان مقاله انگلیسی ISI با موضوع تاثیر سن بر روی مخچه و کاهش فعالیت و عملکرد های رفتاری و شناختی

عنوان فارسی مقاله:

تاثیر سن بر روی مخچه و کاهش فعالیت و عملکرد های رفتاری و شناختی

عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:

Moving forward: Age effects on the cerebellum underlie cognitive and motor declines

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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی :

3. Cerebellar morphology and performance

The large body of research demonstrating age differences in cerebellar morphology is illuminating and points to the cerebellum as a potentially important area of study in aging. Further support for the role of the cerebellum in aging comes from work linking morphological differences to behavioral performance. While the cerebellum is not causally implicated in age-related deficits, these relationships provide insight into the potential contributions of the cerebellum to age-related motor and cognitive declines. Several studies have linked the volume of the cerebellar hemispheres to motor function in older adults. In one instance, adults between 22 and 80 years old completed a procedural learning task (pursuit rotor) and two working memory tasks (verbal and non-verbal). Volumes of the cerebellar hemispheres, striatum, prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus were all investigated as well (Raz et al., 2000). Not surprisingly, the young adults performed the pursuit rotor task better than the older adults. Smaller volumes in the cerebellar hemispheres and putamen were associated with worse performance (less time on target), and the authors speculate that shrinkage of the cerebellum and putamen mediate the impact of age on procedural learning (Raz et al., 2000). During the later stages of learning, the putamen was no longer related to performance, though the cerebellum and non-verbal working memory were both important factors (Raz et al., 2000). It is also of note that the volume of the cerebellar hemispheres was correlated with performance on both the verbal and non-verbal working memory tasks (Raz et al., 2000). Together this work indicates that reduced cerebellar volume may contribute to procedural learning deficits in older adults, and that it also plays a role in working memory performance.