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دانلود رایکان مقاله انگلیسی ISI با موضوع پایداری شهری از طریق برنامه ریزی راهبردی

عنوان فارسی مقاله:

پایداری شهری از طریق برنامه ریزی راهبردی: یک مطالعه موردی برنامه ریزی شهری در شهر Khulna، بنگلادش

عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:

Urban sustainability through strategic planning: A case of metropolitan planning in Khulna city, Bangladesh

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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی :

2. Strategic planning; urban sustainability through strategic action planning

Though strategic planning was introduced by military and corporate roots, the approach was evolved in urban planning for its open process and creative participatory methodology. In response to the failure of state to secure socially just urban planning by comprehensive rationality, the pluralistic concept of planning was evolved. Strategic planning frameworks provide direction and justification for the flow of regularity and investment activity, which leads to changes in the location and form of development (Healey, 1996). Thus the process by nature is open-ended and participatory considering the hierarchy and interrelations of different tier of planning for promoting coordination as the underpinning principle. Moreover strategic planning is an open ended process constitutes of (1) an adaptable no-rigid methodology (2) a tool for sustainable urban development (3) a mechanism of participatory governance (4) a form of collaboration and (5) an instrument to manage and address future uncertainties and changes (Steinberg, 2002). However, strategic planning can contribute for urban sustainability when the planning process is institutionalised by meaningful participation of stakeholders for efficiency (Ibid)